How to Use the pgTAP Extension for Effective Database Testing in PostgreSQL

PgTAP is a powerful testing framework for PostgreSQL, utilising the database’s native PL/pgSQL and PL/SQL languages to write unit tests directly within your database environment. The extension leverages the Test Anything Protocol (TAP), which is a widely-adopted method for displaying test results. With pgTAP, you’re not only able to assert proper functioning of your database …

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What Causes Increased Write IOPS in Aurora Postgres After Migration: Identifying Key Factors

When managing databases in the cloud, it’s important to understand the implications of migration, particularly with PostgreSQL on Amazon Aurora. After migrating to Aurora Postgres, you might notice a surge in write IOPS (input/output operations per second), which can signal various underlying factors. Increased write IOPS often reflect changes in the database’s activity and can …

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How to Use Logical Replication in PostgreSQL: A Step-by-Step Guide

Logical replication in PostgreSQL is a powerful feature that allows you to copy and synchronise data from one database to another. This process is essential for scenarios where high availability, load balancing, and real-time data analytics are required. PostgreSQL offers built-in logical replication starting from version 10, facilitating the stream of changes to a subscriber …

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How to diagnose and fix the 9000 triggered_action_exception error code in Postgres.

The triggered_action_exception with the error code 09000 in PostgreSQL is a class of errors that indicates an exception was encountered by a trigger during its operation. This error typically arises when a trigger (a set of actions automatically performed in response to certain changes in the database) fails to complete its action as expected. To …

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How to diagnose and fix the 8007 transaction_resolution_unknown error code in Postgres.

The 8007 transaction_resolution_unknown error in Postgres indicates a situation where the outcome of a transaction cannot be determined. This could happen for a variety of reasons, such as a crash of the database server during the transaction or network issues that prevent the transaction from completing. To diagnose and fix this issue, you would typically: …

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How to diagnose and fix the 8004 sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection error code in Postgres.

The 08004 error code in PostgreSQL represents “sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection”. This error occurs when the server rejects the establishment of a SQL connection for some reason. Here are some steps to diagnose and fix this issue: For a more in-depth understanding of PostgreSQL error codes and their meanings, the PostgreSQL documentation is an excellent resource. If you …

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How to diagnose and fix the 8001 sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection error code in Postgres.

The 08001 error code in PostgreSQL is associated with the SQLSTATE class “08”, which signifies connection exceptions, specifically “sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection”. This error indicates that the SQL client is unable to establish a connection to the PostgreSQL database. Here are some steps to diagnose and fix this issue: For more specific guidance, the PostgreSQL documentation provides a …

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How to diagnose and fix the 8006 connection_failure error code in Postgres.

The 08006 error code in PostgreSQL, categorized under “Connection Exception”, indicates a connection failure. There are several reasons why you might encounter this error, and the diagnosis and resolution can vary depending on the specific circumstances. Here are some examples of how to diagnose and fix the 08006 connection failure: When diagnosing the 08006 error, …

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