How to diagnose and fix the 22009 invalid_time_zone_displacement_value error code in Postgres.

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The 22009 error code in PostgreSQL, which stands for invalid_time_zone_displacement_value, indicates that there is an issue with the time zone displacement value provided in a query. This could occur when you are trying to store a timestamp with a time zone in a column, and the time zone displacement value is not within the valid range or format expected by PostgreSQL.

To diagnose and fix this issue, you should:

  1. Check the format of the time zone displacement in your timestamp value. PostgreSQL expects the format to be HH:MM, HHMM, or HH, where HH is the hour offset and MM is the minute offset from UTC.
  2. Ensure that the displacement value is within the valid range. The hour offset should be between -12 and +14, and the minute offset should be between 00 and 59.
  3. If you are including milliseconds in your timestamp, ensure that the millisecond part is formatted correctly. For example, YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS.SSS+HH:MM is a valid format.

Here’s an example of a problematic timestamp and how to correct it:

Problematic Timestamp:

-- This might throw the 22009 error if the '+25' is not a valid displacement
SELECT '2024-01-15 08:30:00+25'::timestamptz;

Corrected Timestamp:

-- Correct the displacement to a valid range, such as '+02'
SELECT '2024-01-15 08:30:00+02'::timestamptz;

In the case where you encounter this error, you would need to adjust the time zone displacement to a valid value. For instance, a user on Stack Overflow encountered a similar issue and found that keeping the millisecond part of the timestamp after the + symbol as 00 resolved the problem.

Remember to always validate your timestamp inputs to ensure they conform to PostgreSQL’s accepted formats for time zone displacement. This will help prevent the 22009 error from occurring.

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